Transcribed from CO48/69 at the National Archives in Kew, London

 

228

Received Oct 4, 1825

A Reply to a Pamphlet printed at the Government Press, entitled

“Authentic Copies of a Correspondence” &c. &c. &c.

By John PHILIP, D.D.

 

Cape Town: Printed at ‘The South African Chronicle’ office

Heeregracht, by W. BRIDEKIRK, Jun. 1824

 

229

A REPLY, &c

 

An attempt having been made, by a Publication printed at the Government Press, to invalidate the truth of a statement made by me, at the Annual Meeting of the Society for the Relief of Distressed Settlers, which I related on the authority of an Officer of the highest respectability, renders it unnecessary for me to apologize, for laying before the public the following remarks on this subject.

The correspondence between myself and the Colonial Government, occupying the first part of the publication in question, requires no particular observations.  If any remarks are made on my conduct, in relation to the Officer who narrated to me the statement which has given rise to this affair, I have no apprehension that I shall be blamed by any impartial person for having concealed his name; and if, on the other side, any person be disposed to blame me for having related the case as it was given to me, under the idea that I might have known that the publication of the statement itself might lead to the discovery of the relater, it is enough to say, in reply, that the Officer gave me the statement in question, without any other restriction than that of the concealment of his name.

Having dismissed this part of the subject, it is only necessary to remark in passing, that in relation to the name of the distressed family, at some future time, it will not, perhaps, be difficult to account for my backwardness in giving it up, and also for the mode of expression employed in my last note to His Excellency the Governor on that subject.  

The points at issue are the following:- Was such a communication, as I stated at the meeting, made to me? And is there any reason to doubt that the communication I received is substantially correct?

I have stated, in my correspondence with the Colonial Government, that Mr. RUTHERFOORD and myself were ready to make affidavit as to the fact of having received such a statement.  It is the best evidence in my power to offer; and, I humbly conceive, is all that can be required of me, in the absence of that direct testimony which can only be afforded by the gentleman from whom I received the communication.  Beyond the question of my own veracity, I do not consider my character or responsibility at all involved.  Statements and assertions, similar to that made by me, are every day advanced in England, in the first tribunals in the country, subject, of course, to such explanation or refutation as the parties concerned, may be able to afford.

I asserted only what I heard, and what I also believed to be true.  If the Local Authority referred to be able to show that no such case of distress ever existed, or that when brought to his knowledge, he afforded prompt and adequate assistance, I shall be extremely glad to find that my informant was mistaken, and that the character of a public Officer of Government has been vindicated, and his humanity placed in a favourable light.

At the same time, independent of the confidence I have in the Character of the Officer from whom I received the information, there are some circumstances not a little confirmatory of the principal features of the case stated by me at the public meeting, and which, from the character of the publication that has appeared on the subject, I feel myself under the necessity of bringing forward.

The first thing to which I shall advert, is the following Memorial, representing in general, but strong terms, the distress of Mrs. HARDEN and family, addressed to the writer of this article, to be presented to the Committee of the Society for the Relief of Distressed Settlers, and dated Graham’s Town, 7th October, 1823:-

 

“To the Committee of the Settlers’ Fund Society, Cape Town

Gentlemen,

The Memorial of Maria HARDEN, humbly sheweth,

That your Memorialist, (who came to this Colony with her husband, in connection with the party which left England under the superintendance of Mr. BAILEY,) is at this moment, with three infant children, in great difficulties, arising from the lamented death of her husband, whose last illness terminated in a period of fifteen weeks, and during that awful space, if it had not been for the humanity and Christian kindness of the truly excellent Captain CLARKE, and a few other friends, she and her orphan babes must have fallen a prey to the most absolute want.

“That your Memorialist, who has forwarded a prayer to His Excellency the Governor, that she may be sent home to her native country, humbly prays that you will be pleased to afford her some pecuniary assistance in this day of her great calamity, and to enable her to accomplish her earnest desires, as she perceives but too plainly, that she cannot possibly support herself and her unfortunate children in this Colony.

“And your Memorialist as in duty bound will every pray.

“Graham’s Town, October 7th 1823.”

“P.S.  The relatives of Memorialist’s late husband, residing in England, are in good circumstances, and therefore, if she could reach the British shores, they would provide for her children.”

 

It is evident from this document, that the HARDENs were indebted for their preservation, up to the 7th October, 1823, to private charity.  Now it appears from Mr. GODLONTON’s letter, that the Public Authorities were acquainted with the condition of this family as far back as May and June preceding, and whatever relief may have been afforded, it is evident that it was altogether inadequate, and weighed very little in the opinion of the unfortunate family, when they ascribed their preservation altogether to the assistance they received from another quarter.

Mr. DYASON in his letter states, that in November or December last, the Landdrost authorized Mr. BAILIE to advance them money, which he did to the extent of 25 Rix-dollars, but this makes nothing against the distress of the family, previous to the date of the Memorial 7th October, which is the period to which my observations applied.

Since writing the above, I have been favoured with the following document, which I lay before my readers without preface or apology.

“The case of Maria FLETCHER, late HARDEN, as related by herself:-

“In February 1823, finding house-rent dear in Graham’s Town, we returned to our location at Cuyler Ville, 46 miles off.  On 2d May my husband hurt his kidnies by carrying a bag of pumpkins home, which he had purchased, and took to his bed.  On the 9th our youngest child died of an irruption, which the other two were very ill of, and I buried it in the garden, a neighbour assisting me in making a little box to contain the body.  Dr. ------ and Capt. ------- called, and frequently gave us relief.  Hearing that charity was given by the Landdrost, I wrote to Mr. GODLONTON, (whom I knew,) Clark to the Landdrost, but I got no answer.  Mrs. WAKEFORD, my neighbour, going to Graham’s Town, asked GODLONTON what he had done?  He said, he had spoke to the Landdrost, but got no answer.  Mrs. WAKEFORD resolved to see him herself, and made known our case.  The Landdrost gave her 5lbs. rice, 2lbs. sugar, 1lb. sago, and 1lb. oatmeal; this was the latter end of May.  Capt. ---- called one day, and said he had written to ------- about us, but had got no answer.

“I then wrote to the Landdrost direct, stating my husband’s case, and that I was on the point of being confined, that I was in want of linen, as I had used it to dress my dear child’s sores.

“Mrs. WAKEFORD took the letter, and got a small pair of blankets, but no other relief!  About this time, a subscription had commenced at Graham’s Town without our knowledge, and to this relief, and the great fatherly goodness of Capt. ------- and Dr. ----- we were saved from perishing.  About the 2d July I laid-in, and my good neighbours assisted me, while my husband lay in great agonies in the next room.  I fortunately soon recovered from my confinement, and was again able to attend him.  Capt. ------ once said to my husband and myself, “Have you received nothing lately from  -----  -----  I wonder at it, as I have again spoke about your state.”   Dr. ------ said, “Don’t agitate his mind now; I fear he is in the last stage.”  Capt. -------- then read a chapter in the Bible to him, and told him to compose his mind; and that his family should be taken care of.  He then drew me on one side, and said, “Mrs. HARDEN, the little you have got from ----- ----- has been of serious injury to you; it has stopped the subscription in Graham’s Town, as the people think you are relieved by ------  ------; but it shall not rest here.”  He then walked the room in great agitation.  About this time I was told Mr. GEARY had said, that the Landdrost had given orders to Mr. BOWKER to give us assistance.  I sent to Mr. BOWKER, but his reply was, “I never had any orders whatever.”  On the 17th August my husband’s dreadful sufferings were over, and my kind neighbours assisted in burying him in the garden, by the side of our child.  About the latter end of September, I went, at the persuasion of Mr. BAILIE, in his wagon to Graham’s Town, and after staying a fortnight at a friend’s house and calling repeatedly upon (Mr. RIVERS), I got an interview.  He said he could do nothing for me; he was sorry; but every body applied to him for relief, and he had nothing to give them or me.  At last he called in the Messenger, and desired him to give me some rice.  I then asked, as I could not maintain myself and three children, if I could not get a free passage to England?  He said that I might memorialize, and he would back it.  I got Mr. BAILIE to draw it up.  I took it myself; but have never heard more about it.  Next day, I had from CLARK, the Messenger, half-a-pound of tea, 2lbs. sugar, and 5lbs. rice; - but the flood took place; - I was detained, and was obliged to consume what was given me.  When I returned to my location, my house I found washed down; but my children were taken care of by Mrs. HEATH.  I returned worse than I went.  My neighbours built up a little of my house; but after disposing of all I had left of my husband’s tools, &c. &c. &c.  I was left destitute.  In this state I married my present husband, and my three children are now, thank God, healthy and provided for by my husband’s industry.

‘The mark of Mrs. Maria FLETCHER, late HARDEN.”  X

 

The following extract is from a letter of Mr. WALKER, addressed to the Secretary of the Committee for the Relief of Distressed Settlers:-

“To Mr. H.E. RUTHERFOORD,

Secretary to the Society for the Relief of Distressed Settlers in South Africa, Cape Town.

Sir,

Although I have not the pleasure of a personal acquaintance either with yourself, or any of the gentlemen members of the committee of your friendly society, I beg leave to submit to your consideration the case of a widow and family of a fellow-colonist, entreating that benevolent aid in their behalf for which your institution is formed.

“Mr. W. HARDEN, wife, and little ones, embarked in the same vessel with myself from England, - were under the same guide – Mr. John BAILIE, and were located in the same village, named Cuylerville, and by trade was a cabinetmaker.

“William HARDEN having occasion to remove some pumpkins, from his garden to his house, in the act of lifting quickly a sack containing two very large ones, was unfortunately ruptured:  during his illness, which was severe, he was attended, as frequently as military duties would permit, by the surgeon of the forces posted at Upper Caffre Drift, whose name I regret I cannot at present recall to my remembrance; but it pleased Providence that neither medicine nor medical skill should preserve his life, so that after three months’ confinement to a sick bed he died.

“This unhappy female, thus bereaved of a husband, a father, a bosom friend, by the hand of the Almighty, was very shortly after deprived of one of her children, whose life most probably fell a sacrifice to sickness and direful want.  I believe the second she has in this country resigned to the tomb, which, with one committed to a watery grave on the passage, will demonstrate that, as she has been afflicted with such awful visitations since she left her native shores, so she may justly claim attention from the humane and generous, &c. &c. &c.

“Asking that you would honor me with a reply as soon as convenient, with the determination of your committee on the above case, addressed, at the Post-office, Cradock, I shall subscribe myself,

Sir,

Your most obedient servant,

(Signed)

John J WALKER, Surgeon, &c. 

Cradock, October 6, A.D. 1823

 

The following document has been transmitted to me, by a person I have never seen, and I give it without any comment:-

“James Thomas ERITH, maketh oath and states, that he (the deponent), on the 15th (or thereabout) of August, 1823, was at Mr. HEATH’s, and slept there that night.  He (Mr. HEATH) informed deponent, HARDEN was very ill, and not expected to live; and further stated, he sat with him several nights, as HARDEN would not be composed unless he was there. Deponent offered to go with him, but he would not consent, seeing deponent was fatigued with his journey.  In the morning deponent went with him to HARDEN’s.  He (Mr. HEATH) had before told deponent that HARDEN would have died for want, had it not been for Captain CLARKE, of His Majesty’s 6th Regiment of Foot, who sent him wine, &c. &c. and the benevolence of a few more friends.  Deponent inquired who attended as medical assistant.  He (Mr. HEATH) replied the Doctor at the Post. Deponent saw the man in a dying state, and was shocked at the distress he then witnessed.  Deponent is almost sure that HARDEN had nothing to take that morning but what Mr. HEATH took him.  Deponent was induced, in consequence, to leave with Mr. HEATH, Three Rix-dollars.  Deponent further states, that on his return home, he understood HARDEN had died three days after he had left him.

“Sworn before me, in Cape Town, in His Majesty’s Colony of the Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, this day of October, 1824.”

 

This document is in the form of an affidavit, as Mr. ERITH intended to have confirmed the statement it contains in this manner, and is ready to do so. The remark made on the communication, said by Mr DYASON to have been made to Mr. BAILIE, respecting this family in November or December, is applicable to Captain MONCKTON’s letter.  Captain M. took the charge of the Post on the 25th November, 1823.  Now, the period of the great distress of this family was from the 2d or May to the 7th October. It is unnecessary to repeat the remarks already made, on the instructions given to Mr. BAILIE, respecting the HARDEN family, in November or December; but the following passages in Mr. BAILIE’s letter call for some remarks.

 

“The family (meaning the HARDENS,) were never, during any period of their afflictions, in want, as their account with me for meat, flour, rice, tea, and sugar, can testify,” &c. &c.  In the absence of Mr. BAILIE’s account, which has not been produced, we an only offer conjectures, and in these conjectures I may be mistaken; but, on comparing this statement with Mrs. HARDEN’s own statement, and with the Memorial of the 7th October, I am inclined to think that Mr. BAILIE must in this passage, where he speaks of an open account, refer to a period different from that in which the greatest distress of the HARDEN family took place.

Mrs. HARDEN takes no notice of the open account with Mr. BAILIE in her own statement, - there is no reference to it in the Memorial, and in the absence of proof, we can only say, that it is not likely that the HARDENs could have an open account of this nature, during the fifteen weeks of HARDEN’s illness, and particularly after all hopes of his recovery were gone.”

 

If these instructions were not given to Mr. BAILIE previous to November, they do not interfere with the present question; but one cannot read Mrs. HARDEN’s own statement, and the account she gives of her journey to Graham’s Town, in Mr. BAILIE’s wagon, and not ask whether this milch cow, and those necessaries, were given to her previous to that event? And whether this statement agrees with the account she has given of that journey, and her situation, as described by herself, down to the period of her marriage with FLETCHER, her present husband?

Here I may remark, in passing, that the professed object of her journey was to obtain relief from the Landdrost; and it is not likely that she would have left her children with a neighbour, and have undertaken this journey, could she have procured in her neighbourhood what she wanted.

Mr. GODLONTON describes HARDEN as dissipated, - as having had his death accelerated by the use of ardent spirits.  I think the Doctor’s certificate who attended HARDEN would have been desirable here.  The death of HARDEN, in the documents before me, is said to have been occasioned by a rupture, or sprain, caused by lifting a sack of pumpkins.  From the time this event took place, from the 2d of May, HARDEN appears to have been confined to his house, and to his bed.  Now, whatever might have been the habits of HARDEN previous to this period, it is extremely unlikely that he had it in his power to procure ardent spirits, to have accelerated his death, after the 2d of May, when he met with this accident, to his death, which appears to have taken place on the 17th of August.  It is rather singular that Mr. GODLONTON should have described HARDEN as a dissipated drunken character, and in the same letter speak of the kind intentions of the Landdrost, which were frustrated by the death of HARDEN!  The reader can scarcely fail to remark the justice of the preceding observations, on perusing the following extracts from Mr. GODLONTON’s letter.

“On the 28th June, 1823, John DUFFY brought a letter from HARDEN, stating his family were deficient in bedding, and you immediately ordered me to issue to the bearer, for their use, a pair of blankets, which was accordingly done.  

I am not aware of any further assistance having been afforded from the fund under your control and direction; but I conceive, from the strong feeling of your commiseration shewn by you, on every occasion I had the honor to allude  to, or represent their case, that had you been aware of their wanting any necessary comfort, it would have been supplied; and that your intentions on their behalf were only frustrated by the unfortunate and premature death of HARDEN, which calamity was accelerated, if not occasioned, by dissipation, and an excessive addition to ardent spirits.” X (See  Appendix Page 29  - written by hand)

After considering the affidavits which Mr. RUTHERFOORD and myself have offered to make, in reference to the statement given to us by the Military Officer, - the Memorial of Mrs. HARDEN, addressed to the Secretary of the Fund, - the statement of Mrs. HARDEN herself on this subject, corroborating the material points of the Officer’s statement. – the letter of Mr. WALKER, with other documents, - the public grounds on which I made the statement in question, and the reluctance with which I brought it forward, I leave the public to judge as to the propriety of the following expressions in the letter of Mr. RIVERS.

“I have the satisfaction of being able to show that Dr. PHILIP’s statement is utterly false!

“Dr. PHILIP’s statement, if alluding to HARDEN, is equally malicious and unfounded; and that he had no authority whatever for traducing my character as a magistrate and a man!

“He can only have withheld it (that is, from the time I was in Albany, 1823, to the period of the public meeting, in August, 1824) for the purpose of calumniating the character of a public officer!

“As I have not any doubt that I have identified the case to which Dr. PHILIP alluded in his speech at the anniversary meeting, I consider I have fully and satisfactorily repelled the calumnious assertion of that gentleman!”

It may be remarked here, that if the case was utterly false and unfounded, how did Mr. RIVERS identify the case so easily, and with so much certainty, while I continued to withhold the names of the parties, and while he professed to be in total ignorance respecting the name of the Officer?  He could make the discovery only from the similarity he discovered between the case I had described and that which he, without any doubt, identified with it; and this resemblance, acknowledged by himself, shews that my statement was not, as asserted by him, (even upon his own concession,) utterly false and unfounded.

The charge exhibited against me in the following passages is so indistinctly expressed, that I shall be excused in giving it in Mr. RIVERS’ own words.

“It is difficult to reconcile his suppression from the Government which I serve, of any circumstances of the nature he has represented, with the motives which he affects to influence him in now making them public; for he could not have doubted, that in the character he has assumed as Missionary, and leading Member* of the Fund for relieving Distressed Settlers, such a representation from him would have been received with attention, when the purity of his motives would not have become questionable, and his proceeding would have been more fair and honest, as he can only have withheld it for the purpose of calumniating the character of a public officer.”

If Mr. RIVERS in the above passage means to convey the idea that it was my duty instantly to have communicated my information respecting the HARDENS to the Governor, I must beg leave to refer him, for all the satisfaction I can give at this moment, to my correspondence with His Excellency the Governor on that point.  But if he means to insinuate that it was my duty to have made it known to himself, I must inform Mr. RIVERS, in reply to that charge, although I can safely declare I have not in my breast one particle of hostile feeling towards Mr. RIVERS personally, I know nothing, in the relative situation in which we stand to each other, to induce Mr. RIVERS to suppose, that I was under any obligations to make known such a communication to him.

 

* This assertion that I have assumed the character of a leading member of the Fund for relieving distressed Settlers, is an assumption of Mr. RIVERS’ own, for which I am not conscious of having given any just cause.

 

            Mr. RIVERS considers it fortunate that Mr. BIRD’s motion forced me to be open and explicit, because by this means an opportunity has been offered in confuting calumnious reports.  I do not know what Mr. RIVERS means in this passage, by “calumnious reports.”  If he means that I had previously circulated the statement I made at the public meeting, he labours under a mistake; for I can affirm, that to the best of my recollection, such a relation never escaped my lips till it was brought forward in public, and on public grounds.

Among the requests of Mr. RIVERS to the Colonial Government, the following will not escape notice:- “I request also, that Dr. PHILIP may be called on to state what those political causes, connected with the sufferings of the Settlers were, with which he was careful not to interfere: and, that if his intention be to insinuate that the conduct of the Landdrost, or the Local Authorities, towards the Settlers, has in any way tended to create or aggravate any case of distress, he may state the instances.”

It must appear strange to persons in England, that the Chief Magistrate of a large District of an English Colony, and chiefly peopled by English Emigrants too, should make such a demand. Compared with such a power as the Landdrost of Albany would have the Colonial Government to exercise, the Spanish Inquisition is but the shadow of a shade.  I never before heard of any tribunal on earth, established on principles which could compel a man to make known his thoughts!

Mr RIVERS supposing himself to be the Local Authority alluded to in my speech, seems to consider the evil of which he complains as greatly aggravated by the circumstances of his being a Public Character and a Magistrate.  Now this is one of the very grounds on which I should choose to rest my defence.  It is to this freedom to make remarks on public characters, under the restrictions I have already mentioned, that England owes much of her private and public virtue; and any thing like purity in public men is not in the present state of human nature to be looked for, when such a censorship is withheld!

In the commencement of this article, I announce my views of the present controversy, viz: that all I had to do was to prove that the case related by me at the Public Meeting was communicated to me by an Officer of high respectability, and to advance some circumstantial evidence in favor of the truth of the statement itself; - how far I have redeemed my pledge, and succeeded in establishing those points, it is not for me, but others to decide.  I have purposely taken a narrow view of the subject, and I think I have succeeded in placing it in a different light from what it appears in this anonymous pamphlet.

Without going again into the reasons I have already stated, and which may be seen in the printed correspondence, for opposing the motion of Mr. BIRD, or adducing others which may still be in reserve, if I am not mistaken, the Local Authorities who have expressed themselves in this printed correspondence on the distress in Albany, have, perhaps, without designing it, furnished me with an additional reason not before mentioned by me, which will, with many persons, justify me in having opposed this motion, which I cannot help noticing in this place.

It is impossible to read this publication, and compare the letters which it contains from the Local Authorities of Albany, with the reports and publications of the Committee in Cape Town, and the opinions of the Members f the Sub-committee in Albany, and not discover an unfortunate opposition in the sentiments of the parties.

 

In the first instance, we shall allow the Local Authorities to speak for themselves.

Extracts from Authentic Copies of Correspondence, &c. &c. &c.

 

“I cannot let this opportunity pass, without observing, that I know of no such distress in this Colony, as has been publicly stated.  I should like to be informed, who the people are, requiring eleemosynary aid: - not the labourer, I imagine, who can procure two Rix-dollars per day: or the mechanic, who can procure three of four.  The truth is, that the only people distressed are some few of the more respectable class, who have spent their money in agricultural pursuits, which have not answered their expectations, and who, from pride or inability, are rendered incapable of living by labor.  There are but few men, however, decrepid they may be, who might not get their living by herding cattle, or other easy employment.

(Signed) “Chas. CRAUSE” *

(See Authentic Copies of Correspondence, &c. page 21)

* Mr. Chas. CRAUSE, Lieutenant, Mounted Troops, Albany Levy.

 

“From being situated in the midst of the Settlers, I have had almost a daily opportunity of witnessing the late conduct and exertions of the greatest portion of the Settlers, and it is my most decided opinion, that they have received more attention and assistance, and particularly within the last twelve months, than their situation required, and that the public were never more imposed on that they have been generally on the subject.  In the ten parties, near me, I do not know of a family, or even an individual, that can be considered in distress, - much of the distress that has been felt, has arose from imprudence and want of proper exertion.”

(Signed) “W. AUSTIN, Heemraad.”

(See Authentic Copies of Correspondence, &c. page 26)

 

“As an individual among the British Settlers, and as an Englishman, I cannot but feel abhorrence and disgust at the means which have been resorted to, in order to excite the sympathy of the public in their behalf; and if the characters of the Settlers, as a body, are to be shamefully traduced, and their Magistrates libeled and calumniated, to gratify the personal hostility or party spirit of a self-elected Committee, it then becomes an imperious duty on every honest mind to deprecate such proceedings, and to use every endeavour to prevent a generous public from being further imposed on by exaggerated mis-statements, and scandalous misrepresentations.

(Signed) “ R. GODLONTON” *

(See Authentic Copies of Correspondence, &c. page 36)

* Mr R. GODLONTON, 2nd Clark to the Landdrost.

 

“If Mr. RUTHERFOORD’s assertions be intended to exclude you from any participation in distributing the benefactions, you are, in my opinion, under great obligations to him.  It will be an arduous, invidious, and (from the persons with whom you would necessarily be connected) a most unpleasant business.  For my part, although I most sincerely desire the prosperity of the Settlers, I will not throw away a word of advice upon the junto; if they be puzzled, as I believe they will, how to dispose of the money, they may throw it, for ought that I care, into the Great Fish River.

(Signed) “ W. BOARDMAN.” *

(See Authentic Copies of Correspondence, &c. page 42)

* Rev. W BOARDMAN, formerly Clergyman of the District, and now Master of the Grammar School, Bathurst.

 

It is not my intention, at this moment, to enter much into the question which is so peremptorily decided in these extracts from the letters of some of the Local Authorities in Albany; another opportunity will soon occur, when this subject will be resumed with greater advantages than I at present enjoy; but the charges which are here exhibited against the Committee, and I may add, against myself as an individual, are of so grave and serious a character, and may do so much harm if they are allowed to circulate without any correction, that I shall be excused if I take up a few minutes of the time of my Readers, before I leave this point.  The distress of the Settlers is not only denied in these letters, but we are charged with having “imposed upon a generous public, by exaggerated mis-statements, and scandalous misrepresentations.”

 

I am aware that unworthy expedients have sometimes been employed under similar circumstances; that truth has been often sacrificed to effect; but I am certainly not conscious, that any description of the Committee or of mine, was chargeable with these vices; nor was it at all likely, after the pains and trouble taken by me, to acquire correct views of their actual situation, that I should have been imposed upon, by the representations of the Settlers themselves, or of others.

Had I derived my information respecting their actual state, through any intermediate channel, - had I depended entirely upon the letters of the settlers themselves to the Committee, craving relief; or had I received, without examination, the stories told me by those who having fled from their locations, have visited Cape Town to obtain the means of subsistence, in the fact of such assertions; I might have been disposed to suspect, that I had allowed myself to be deceived.  I am fully aware of the little dependence which is to be placed in common reports; I am no stranger to the arts which are often employed to extort money from the credulous; I was not ignorant that many who had left their locations and came to Cape Town, wanted a pretext to justify their conduct, and to exact money to keep them in idleness; but the statements made by me at the Anniversary Meeting of the Society in 1823, had for the most part attached to them all the certainty derived from personal observation.  I had compared the documents in the hands of the Committee, with the actual conditions of the writers, or with the conditions of the objects for whom they wished to awaken our sympathy, and I had seen with my own eyes, and heard with my own ears, the misery I then attempted to describe.

In 1821, I visited twenty-seven locations; I spent a fortnight among the people; I entered their houses; I sifted their statements; I saw their rough fare.  In 1823, in company with Mr. RUTHERFOORD, I paid a second visit to Albany, and on a comparative view of the condition of the Settlers in 21 and 23, I am able to state, from information obtained on the spot, that though a great proportion of them had left their locations, the situation of such as remained could scarcely be said to be at all improved, by the great diminution which had taken place in their numbers.  I found no one family on the locations I visited, that could have been said, in the intervening time, to have bettered its condition; and I found many, who in 21 were above receiving assistance, though offered them in the most delicate way, now disposed to receive, with thankfulness, the smallest sums. 

In 1821, many of those who had suffered severely by the failure of the crops, were still extremely sanguine as to their future prospects; but the confidence, which supported them at that period, had by this time, through repeated disappointments given way to apathy, not an unfrequent result of severe and painful suffering, or to a state of mind bordering on despondency.  The greater part requiring assistance in 1821, though not all, belonged to that class that came out as servants, or to that description of people, whose previous habits unfitted them for the situation into which they were thrown, as Agriculturists in a new country.  Previous to my last visit to Albany, in the end of 1823, and beginning of 1824, both these classes had disappeared, and were seeking for the means of subsistence, or enjoying the fruits of their industry, in the Towns, or in the old Districts of the Colony.  The Settlers now on the locations in Albany, are composed chiefly of the heads of parties, and of those that came out under nominal heads of parties, with a small property, to cultivate farms of their own, or to work upon a joint stock.  After this statement, it is unnecessary to say, that the people that are now in Albany, and calling for our sympathy, are generally speaking of a different class from those we had to relieve in 1822; and the difference in their original circumstances, is sufficient to explain their present situation.  In the end of 1823 I did not find a single individual, who had originally come out as a servant, (not in personal, or family affliction, from protracted indisposition,) calling for aid from the Committee; but I found many of those who came to the Colony, with from fifty to five hundred pounds sterling, standing in need of assistance.

I might refer such as deny the sufferings of the Settlers, to the judicious Report which has been printed for 1824.  I might refer them to the numerous letters which form an appendix to that Report, or I might pursue another course, and go over every passage of the Report, confirming its statements by facts collected in my journey through the different locations; but I shall have recourse to a shorter method of proof, I shall select one of the largest of the locations as a specimen of the whole, and the location I mean to select is one of the most unexceptionable for this purpose, as it has been more praised for the industry of the people, and is still more populous than any other location I then visited.  There is perhaps scarcely any one who has visited the locations at an early period of their history, who has not admired the industry and general sobriety of the people at Salem.

When I visited this location in 1821, I was delighted and astonished at the exertions of the people.  The original Settlers in this valley amounted, I believe, to eighty-six families, and in little more than 18 months, the people had for the most part, erected neat cottages; and there was scarcely a house on the location which was not surrounded with a turf wall and ditch, enclosing gardens, and corn land.  The neat dwellings, the regular enclosures, the spacious and excellent roads running through the whole line of the valley; the herds of cattle grazing around the village occupying the people at sun-set in driving them to their enclosures, or draining them of their milk, and the activity and bustle which appeared in every direction, together with the decent clothing of the people, exhibited an appearance altogether so truly English in its character, and furnished such a contrast to the state of the country through which I had passed, that the whole scene operated upon me in a manner something like enchantment.

I spent a Sabbath in this place; I preached to the people, and visited them in their houses, and I have seldom in traveling spent a Sabbath with greater satisfaction to myself.  What was the condition of this location in 1823?  Two-thirds of the former buildings were in ruins, the enclosures about eh deserted houses were broken down; the houses and fences which remained were mostly going to decay, the dress of the people was much altered for the worse by two years’ wear; their hopes and their cheerfulness had fled; - of 86 families 32 only remained, and most of these continued upon the ground with reluctance and because they knew not where to go, and wanted the means to carry themselves, and their families, to places where they might better their conditions.

From the first settlement of the emigrants in Albany, to the period I visited them in 1823, I believe not less than 2,000 of them had disappeared from their locations.  Mr. WILSON’s Party, and Mr. BAILIE’s Party consisted each, I believe, when first located, upwards of eighty families, and of these 160 families, in the end of 1823, I did not find more than forty families on both locations.  Could all this dispersion have taken place had the people found the means of subsistence on their locations, and if they were driven from their locations for want of the means of subsistence, after having struggled so long and so hard to keep possession of them, could such an event have taken place without great previous sufferings? otwithstanding this depopulation, Mr. BAILIE recommends in a letter to a friend in Cape Town, the removing of the Settlers which remain on their locations in Albany, as the best thing the Society can do for them.

I am aware that a large share of the sufferings of the Settlers and the disappointment of their hopes, have been ascribed to their original habits, their idleness, and their other vices.  Many of them brought up in London, and in other large towns in England, were doubtless but ill adapted for an agricultural life, particularly in a new country.  Many of them, perhaps, left home with habits which would have rendered them miserable in any country.  The cause of sufferings have been often dwelt upon, but however much these circumstances may have contributed to swell the tide of suffering, at one period, the influence of these circumstances must in a great measure have ceased long ago.  However ignorant many of them might be of agriculture on their arrival in South Africa; and notwithstanding that their habits might have been originally alien to the life of an African peasant, they must have been very unapt scholars, if three or four years’ sufferings, and attention to their gardens and fields, did not give them the skill and the habits of endurance their manner of like required.  But the instance before us furnishes all the illustration necessary on this point.  The Salem Party were denominated the religious party; it was on this principle they associated together in London, and they brought a minister of the Gospel, the Rev. W. SHAW, along with them.  I do not say, that there were no vicious individuals among them, but the very principle on which they united, furnished a pledge for their general sobriety and good conduct, and that pledge they have amply redeemed.

The effects of their industry during the first 18 months of their settlement, astonished most persons who visited them; when I was there in 1821 their harvest had almost totally failed, but they were cheerful, resigned, and labouring in hope; their schools, their love to their minister, their partiality to Religious Society, and their attachment to the place of their location had determined the greater part of them, (as long as they could obtain the means of a scanty subsistence,) to remain on the place, hoping for more prosperous times.

Let such as ascribe the failure of the Emigrants’ hopes entirely to the want of industry, and to vicious habits, account for the disappointment and dispersion of the Salem Party.

Had these charges emanated from insulated individuals, we might have safely passed them by without notice, but coming as they do from the Local Authorities of Albany, and published under the express sanction of the Government, I shall be excused, if before quitting this subject, I bestow a little more particular attention upon the manner in which they are expressed.

Mr. AUSTIN informs us that he resides in the midst of the Settlers, and that it is his decided opinion, that they have received more attention and assistance, and particularly within the last twelve months, than their situation required!  If this be the case, then we may admit Mr. AUSTIN’s inference, “that the public has never been more imposed upon, than on this subject,” but on such a momentous question, we require more than an assertion, and Mr. AUSTIN, has adduced no proofs.  Will Mr. AUSTIN state to us in what this excess of attention and assistance consists, and from what quarters it has been received?  We know that the Heads of Parties and the small capitalists who have sunk all their money in agricultural pursuits, have as yet had no assistance from the Society for the relief of distressed Settlers.  Till we received our late remittances from England, and India, which have not yet been distributed, our funds were scarcely adequate to supply the widows and orphans, the sick and infirm, and when Mr. AUSTIN wrote this letter, we had advanced no sums of money to individuals, excepting to a trifling amount, and those small sums were advanced in cases of urgent distress only!

Mr. C. CRAUSE says, “the truth is that the only people distressed are some few of the more respectable class, who have spent their money in agricultural pursuits which have not answered their expectations,” &c. &c.  Does Mr. CRAUSE mean to intimate by this mode of expression, that a few only, of the respectable class of the Settlers possessing money, have failed in their agricultural pursuits?  Will this gentleman have the goodness to name persons in this respectable class, who have succeeded in their agricultural pursuits?  By saying that some few of this class had failed and lost their money in agricultural pursuits, Mr. CRAUSE certainly means to insinuate, that the great body of the Settlers have succeeded in those pursuits.  Now I am certainly that I am borne out by facts when I assert, that so far as agriculture is concerned, the object of the emigration to Albany has proved a total failure; and I shall be glad if Mr. CRAUSE will point out one individual of the class he describes, who has not lost his money by his agricultural pursuits?  Had Mr. CRAUSE looked into the speech of Sir Richard OTTLEY, at the Annual Meeting of the Society, (September 1823,) he might have perceived that it was for that very class we called upon the public to afford assistance; but Mr. CRAUSE has discovered that such an appeal was quite unnecessary, because they might still live by labor, but for their pride and inability.  Supporting them to have physical powers to labor, and their pride the only remaining obstacle, they are of course according to Mr. CRAUSE’s reasoning, not to be considered as objects of sympathy; and it is, perhaps, under the influence of this sentiment, that Mr. AUSTIN has told us, that the Settlers have had too much assistance, during the last twelve months.

But after having obliged those gentlemen, who formerly moved in respectable circles in England, to become labourers to Mr.CRAUSE, and others, who bask in the sunshine of magisterial favor, what is to become of these broken-down gentlemen who are unable to work?  Mr. CRAUSE has not forgot to make provision for them also; - “There are few men, however decriped they may be, who might not get their living by herding cattle or other easy employment.”  But what is to become of the wives and daughters of this respectable class?  Mr CRAUSE has forgot to inform us what provision is to be made for them.

The Rev. W. BOARDMAN says, “he believes we shall be puzzled how to dispose of the money,” – and adds, - that, “for ought I care, they may throw it into the Great Fish River.”  Mr. BOARDMAN’s sentiments appear to have experienced a great revolution since the end of 1823.  On visiting the mouth of the Kowie in my last journey to the interior, in company with Mr. RUTHERFOORD, we had scarcely landed from the boat when this gentlemen came up to us, and taking me by the hand, informed me that he was proud to shake hands with the gentlemen who had so ably pleaded the cause of the poor Settlers, and defended them from the cruel aspersions thrown upon them.  After a number of compliments, he assured me in the presence of Mr. RUTHERFOORD, that my statements respecting their distress at the annual meeting of the Society in September, were not too strong, and that he could have furnished me with many instances from his own observation equally strong with those I had brought forward on that occasion.

As a specimen of the fearless mode of assertion employed against us in this controversy, it has lately been asserted by a gentleman who terms himself a Settler, that, 1,000 or 1,500 Rix-dollars is sufficient to relieve all actual and real distress which now exists in Albany. (*See Mr. PRINGLE’s letter in answer to this letter.) In reply to such an assertion, it is only necessary to look into the report of 1824; but it is not unworthy of notice in this place, that I believe on the same day in which this assertion appeared in print, 2,000 Rix-dollars were unanimously voted in our Committee to relieve urgent distress, and the greater part of that sum was sent to Albany.

With this glaring opposition of sentiment on this subject, it is easy to see what must have been the result of allowing all the Local Authorities to have been added to our Sub-Committee in Albany.  The Committee made no objections to receive information from any of the Local Authorities, nor to have them as individuals added to the Sub-Committee; but the proposition of Mr. BIRD to add to the Sub-Committee all the Local Authorities, was nothing short of excluding the Sub-Committee, and throwing all the management of the concern in Albany into the hands of the Local Authorities.  From the official importance and numbers of the Local Authorities, even had the present Sub-Committee continued to act with them, which I am warranted in saying, would not have been the case, they must have carried every question in the Sub-Committee, and if this publication, and the propositions negatived at the Bathurst meeting are to be considered as a fair criterion of the sentiments entertained by them, it is obvious they must have called for an appropriation of our funds altogether different from their original intention.  Having appointed them to manage this concern, we must have received their statements, and have published them too, and we should have had no alternative but to have received their recommendations respecting the application of the funs: and any impartial reader is competent to decide with the Authentic Copies of a Correspondence &c. before him, whether in such an event, those funds must not have gone into other channels than those in which they are now flowing from the Committee in Cape Town, and which was the intention of the subscribers – the relief of the distressed Settlers.

What that application would have been, had Mr. BIRD’s motion been carried, may perhaps be inferred from a motion made in the Committee previous to the last public meeting, to lay out the whole sum as a fund, and circumscribe our expenditure to the interest of the original sum, and from a paper now lying upon the table of the Committee of the Society, recommending the investment of a large proportion at least, of the money collected, in a church, and an infirmary, and to purchase a ship.  And it is deserving of particular notice, that those very extracts which I have made from this pamphlet, are assigned in this paper as the very grounds of this recommendation.

Before quitting this subject, I must be allowed to lay before my readers the following letter from Mr. CURRIE, containing an extract of a letter from Mr. RIVERS, to that gentleman, with some extracts from letters contained in the last Annual Report of the Society, regarding the distress occasioned by the heavy rains which fell in the beginning of October, 1823, and which on account of the height to which they raised the rivers, and the damage they did to the houses and lands of the Settlers, have been emphatically termed by them, the flood.

 

(Letter to H. RIVERS, Esq. &c. &c.)

Bathurst, 30 August, 1824

“Sir,

In reply to your letter of yesterday, I am to state, that the assertion made at a Meeting of the Settler’s Fund at Cape Town, viz. – “That you had neither time or inclination to attend to or relieve persons in distress,” I consider to be totally unfounded and false.  In every conversation with me on the subject, you have always expressed the greatest solicitude to be made acquainted with, and to assist those who were in want.  I have been directed by you, to report such cases of real distress as came under my notice, and I have invariably found you had both time and inclination to listen to them.

On the other side is an extract from one of your letters to me on the subject.

I have the honor to be, Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

(Signed) W. CURRIE”

(Mr. Walter CURRIE, Field Cornet of Bathurst, and its Vicinity)

--------------------

(EXTRACTS)

 

“Graham’s Town, 11 Nov. 1823.

“I am happy to say I have had few or no applications for relief, in consequence of sufferings or loss, from the late bad weather: but should you know of any case of real distress, where you think assistance would be well, and ought to be afforded, I shall be obliged by your informing me, that I may, if in my power, procure relief: - I do not mean in money alone, but in meal, seeds for gardens, clothing, &c. as circumstances may be.” – Extract of a letter from Mr. RIVERS.

 

I may add, in passing, that most of the locations in Albany, were visited by Mr. RUTHERFOORD and myself, little more than two months after this storm, and while its effects were yet visible, and I feel no difficulty in vouching for the accuracy of the expression in the following extracts, describing the general distress occasioned by this painful visitation of Providence.

The three following cases distinguished by the numbers 1, 7, 9, are taken from a list of person, who had been recently relieved by one of the Sub-Committee residing in Graham’s Town, and published in the appendix to the Report of the Society for 1824.  The figures have been substituted for the names of the parties relieved, on the commendable principle of delicacy to their feelings.

No. 1. “Had his house and its contents in a great measure destroyed during the storm in October, 1823.  Every thing also which he had planted and sown, and which at that time was in a tolerable state of forwardness, was entirely swept away.”

No. 7. “The Caffres took away all his cattle, as with a stroke.  His house was again destroyed by the storm; and with his garden, containing the effects of his industry, and the stay of his offspring.”

No. 9. “Likewise has taken refuge in Graham’s Town, in order to obtain bread for his starving family.  He has no cattle whatever, nor any means of getting any.   The prospect of a harvest perished in the flood.

The Rev. S. KAY.

Graham’s Town, 28 July, 1824

------------------------------------------

Extract of a memorial of Sarah CADLE, dated Salem’s Hill, near Grahamstown, 24 Oct. 1824.

“That your memorialist (on whom the maintenance and support of six orphan children have devolved, by the sudden and awful death of her late husband, who was unfortunately drowned in attempting to pass a river while overflowing its banks, as the effects of the late rain in the afternoon of Saturday the 4th instant,) begs leave to present her case to your notice and commiseration,” &c. &c.

-------------------------------------------

“The late storm committed dreadful ravages on the property of many of the already distressed Settlers.  I yesterday relieved some heart-rending cases, arising out of this calamity; you will hear the particulars of this storm from other quarters; after the cessation of about ten days, I really fear, from appearances, that it is commencing again, and I tremble for the consequences.

The Rev. W. SHAW.

Graham’s Town, 23 Oct. 1823.”

-------------------------------------------

 

(Case of Wm. GRIFFITHS.)

“Your petitioner having sustained a severe loss by the damage done to his house at Bathurst, by the late heavy rains, which has reduced it to so ruinous a state, that it must be re-built, at an expense of not less than 700 or 800 Rds.

(Signed) Wm. GRIFFITHS.

Bathurst, Nov. 23, 1823.”

-----------------------------------------

 

Pigot Park, Albany, March 15, 1824.

Dear Sir,

You may remember when you were in this neighbourhood, the distressed state of Samuel LEVERSAGE, (the head of a party,) and FORESTER, one of his party.  Their distress has increased daily since that time, the former from having all the land he had brought into cultivation taken from him, the latter from not having the means to complete his house since its destruction by the late storm, &c.

(Signed) George PIGOT.”

-----------------------------------------------

(Case of Henry LLOYD.)

“I last year anticipated produce which would supply my family until the ensuing crops of Indian corn, solid-stemmed wheat, and potatoes, which have hitherto been sure crops, the flood destroyed the whole; nor have I the means, without assistance, to put seed in the ground this year.

(Signed) Henry LLOYD.

Beaufort Vale, July 16, 1824.”

-----------------------------------------------

Case of Mrs. GRIFFITHS.)

“Her house has been twice nearly totally washed down by storm, which she has repaired by means arising from her almost unexampled industry.

(Signed) Wm. AUSTIN, Heemraad.

Bathurst, 15th August, 1824.”

-----------------------------------------------

 

Why Mr. RIVERS should have had few or no applications for relief, in consequence of sufferings or loss occasioned by the storm, which took place in the beginning of October, 1823, I shall leave others to determine; but the above extracts published in the report of the Society for 1824, will show, that this circumstance on which Mr. RIVERS congratulates himself, is not to be accounted for on the principle that there was no loss to repair, no distress to relieve in consequence of the above calamitous event, and the extracts here given, are a few only of the many distressing details which were received from Albany, shortly after the storm had subsided.

The writer of Mrs. CADLE’s memorial, dated 2/ Oct. 1823, speaks of the late rain in which her husband was drowned, on the 4th instant.  On the 23d October, Mr. SHAW [*The Rev. W. SHAW is a gentleman of great respectability, and a Wesleyan Minister, attached to one of the parties of the Settlers in Albany.” – See Authentic Copies of a Correspondence, &c. &c. &c.] says in a letter, even from Graham’s Town, the late storm committed dreadful ravages on the property of many of the distressed Settlers; he adds, I yesterday relieved some heart-rendering cases arising out of this calamity, and he speaks of its effects as general, for he says, ‘you will hear the particulars of this storm from other quarters.’

From the above extract it appears this storm happened early in October; on the 23d of the same month, Mr. SHAW in a letter dated from Graham’s Town, says, ‘yesterday, I relieved some heart-rending cases arising out of this calamity;’ and yet the Landdrost in a letter to Mr. CURRIE, dated 11 November, says, ‘I am happy to say I have had few or no applications for relief, in consequence of sufferings or loss from the late bad weather,’ &c. &c. &c.

Is it to this state of things we are to look for an explanation of the surprise expressed by Capt. CRAUSE, at the unexpected success of his mission as stated in the following extract in a letter of the Rev. W. BOARDMAN, in the printed Correspondence? – “From Capt. CRAUSE, who slept at our house last night, I have the satisfaction to learn, that he has hitherto succeeded in his mission beyond his expectations.”

--------------------------------------

 

On the statement in this pamphlet, of the receipts and expenditure of the fund raised in 1822, immediately under the patronage of Government, I find little to remark. In the figured account, the sum of 1352 Rds. is introduced, without any date, in the following manner:-

Articles prepared for distribution to women and children, the same as in August, 1822, - 1352 Rds.

The Reader will not fail to remark, that they are said to be prepared only for distribution; that is to say, if words have any meaning, that these articles were not distributed when this statement was made in 1824.

The articles specified in this account, dated 20th August, 1822 are said to have been for the use of the Lying-in Hospital of Settlers’ Women in Albany, &c. &c. &c.

I shall leave the task to others, to reconcile the heading of this account, “for the use of the Lying-in Hospital, &c. &c. &c.” with the following extract of a letter from Mr. Myles BOWKER:-

 

“Oliveburn, Nov. 2, 1824.

The Landdrost, and the Rev. Mr. GEARY, and myself, are charged with the distribution of the charity for lying-in women at their own houses, patronized by Lord and Lady SOMERSET, and others, which has introduced some sad cases to us, and it is likely to be useful.  Your more extensive means must do infinite good, and I am happy to act with such men as Mr. SHAW and Mr. PHILIPPS.”

I stated at the General Meeting of Society for the Relief of Distressed Settlers on the 18th August, 1824, - ‘that a sum of money, amounting to 2400 Rds. which had been collected by another Society, under the immediate patronage of Government, (and to which the Committee of our Society had subscribed 300 Rds.) had been allowed to lay in the Bank unappropriated ever since December, 1822, a period to make their case know to a few kind and liberal individuals, that by a small subscription they may be prevented from sinking under such an accumulated load of human misery; assured that, however limited their means, they will give with cheerfulness, when they consider their liability to accident, and that their only asylum, under such circumstances, is the kind and feeling heart of their fellow creatures.”

 

A. B. DIETZ                               15 Rds.

C. F. POHL                               15

A. FRIEND                                2

R. WEINARD                             5

Mr. NELSON                              5

Ninin CUMMING                        1

J. DEVINE                                 3

F. BLACKBEARD                      1

E. H. HANGER                          10

H. HOLLAND                             2

John LAWLER                           2

J. MASHALL                             1

F. WILLIAMS                             2

Mr. KNOWELS                          1

Johan BERTRAM                       2

William CURRIE                        2

C.T. THORNHILL (in rye) 5

Wm. LLOYD, Qr.-Mastr. Serg. 6th Regt.   2

A. MACDONALD                       2

Mr. ROSS                                 1

Andrew CONWAY                      2

Mr. FOLEY                                2

John ARMSTRONG                    1

Mr. FORD                                 2

James FORD                             3

Charles STONE                         5

P. FRAYNE                               1

FRIEND                                    2

William BEAR                           5

Mr. WARD                                5

Joseph STEVENS                      1

Mr. LANNEM                             1

Mr. RICKETS                             2

FRIEND                                    1

Mr. MARTIN                              2

Mr. OGELVY                             1

J. PLOUGHMAN                        2

Js. MORECRAFT                       1

                                         ---------

Rds.                                      126

 

In reference to this case, (the HARDENS’), I am authorized to add to what has been already stated, - Mrs. HARDEN (now FLETCHER) never received the twenty-five Rix-dollars Mr. BAILIE says he was authorized by Mr. RIVERS to give her, - the milch cow he speaks of, - nor the 50 Rix-dollars placed to her account in the printed Correspondence, as having been communicated to her through the medium of Mr. BOWKER.

In vindication of the character of Mr. BOWKER, I am authorized to state, that he not only never received the 50 Rix-dollars which he is said to have paid to Mrs. HARDEN, but that when asked by the Landdrost, whether she had received any money from the fund, he replied, that she had not, and at the same time reminded the Landdrost that he had written to him to request assistance for this family, and that his letter had never been answered.

-----------------------------------------

 

Extract of a letter from Albany, relating to the account of Expenditure, &c. &c. &c. published in the printed Correspondence.

“Can any thing more be glaring that sending for precisely the same quantity of things first supplied – many of them were evidently useless, as there was not Hospital to be fitted up.  This being without a voucher is a little remarkable; and it may be doubted whether the best supplied store at Cape Town, could furnish an exact duplicate of such an extensive order at precisely the same prices.”

-------------------------------------------

Further Particulars in relation to the Distribution of the Money

Extract of a letter from Capt. CAMPBELL, dated Graham’s Town, 7th Nov. 1824.

“I can hardly imagine that Mr. RIVERS would have inserted the following sums, if he could have foreseen that they would have been exposed to the public eye.

To cash paid Mrs. ARMSTRONG                                                                          5

To cash paid Mr. BOWKER, for Mrs. HARDEN                                                     50

To cash paid Mr. BOWKER, for distressed Settlers in his neighbourhood                100

To cash paid P. ADAMS                                                                                     50

To cash paid J. WALKER                                                                                   50

                                                                                                                    --------

                                                                                                            Rds.     255

 

“You will perceive that this sum (Rds. 255) makes nearly one-third of the sum which he states to have been distributed to the distressed Settlers; and we have ascertained that not one dollar reached the persons against whose names the sums are placed.  We shall be able to learn by-and-by whether any further sums are in the same state.”

 

(Copy)

Sir, Having seen the Landdrost of Albany’s statement of distributions, made on behalf of the Benevolent Fund for the relief of poor lying-in women and distressed Settlers.  I saw with astonishment, my name placed as having received, May 3d, 1823, Five Rix-dollars Four Skillings, which statement is entirely false; totally destroyed as my house was, with all my corn, clothing, &c. in short every useful thing, I did not receive any assistance from the Landdrost, excluding half a muid of wheat.

I am, Sir,

Your most obedient humble servant,

(Signed) George CLAYTON

James RICHARDSON’s Party.

 

And believe me, Sir, had I not been relieved by some neighbouring friends at that time, I must have been reduced to utter starvation.

 

(Copy)

Having been informed that my name has been inserted in an account of sums distributed to the Settlers, as having received the sum of Five Rix-dollars, I hereby declare that I have never received that or any other sum.

It is true that Mr. ONKRUYDT once offered me money, but I declined it, and told him, all that I called for was to receive my proportion of rice, as due to me in common, with the rest of the Settlers.

(Signed,) Catherine ARMSTRONG.

Witness: (Signed) Thomas PHILIPPS, Wm. SHEPHERD

Graham’s Town, 5th Nov. 1824.

 

Extract of a letter from Mr. J. P. ADAMS, addressed to Mr. RUTHERFOORD.

“I hope you will be able, through the means of the Newspaper, to contradict Mr. RIVERS’s statement of having relieved me, by a gift of 50 Rds. from a fund established for the relief of lying-in women.”

 

(Copy)

I the undersigned have received the under-mentioned articles of relief from the Landdrost of Albany:-

1lbs. Rice.  None.

¼ lb. Tea.

1½ - sugar.

¼ - Sago.

Money – none.

(Signed) Thomas WALKER.

 

I the undersigned was with Mr. WALKER, and received it for him , and weighed it for him.

(Signed) James LANCE.

 

The above person came a distance of 20 miles, and remained four days at LANCE’s expence.

(Signed) Thomas FRANCIS.

Graham’s Town, Oct. 24, 1824.

 

End of Part 1

Printed by W. BRIDEKIRK, Jnr

Cape Town.

 

244

Letter addressed by Harry RIVERS, Esq.

To the Colonial Secretary,

In explanation of Certain Assertions and Documents contained in the

“Reply to a Pamphlet, entitled, Authentic Copies of a Correspondence.”

 

To Sir Richard PLASKET,

Secretary to Government

 

Cape Town, 10th January, 1825.

Sir,

I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your Letter, transmitting to me, by desire of His Excellency the Governor, the printed Reply of Dr. PHILIP to the Authentic Correspondence which took place in consequence of a Statement made at the Annual Meeting of the Settlers’ Fund Society, in Cape Town, in August last; and I have the honor to state, that, as the Reply of Dr. PHILIP does not afford any proofs of the truth of the charges made by him sufficient to shake the evidence contained in the Authentic Correspondence, - which has established incontrovertibly, that Relief had been afforded by the Local Authority in Albany to the HARDEN Family, and that the Landdrost had the warmest inclination to assist Distressed Settlers, I shall not comment thereon, but that I shall pass to the Appendix, being the only part of the Publication requiring my notice, as an attempt has been there made to invalidate the Account of Disbursements, entered in Page 54 of the Authentic Correspondence, as to the application of a sum of Rix-dollars 829 :2.

To the Extract in Page 29, and to the remarks on the altered style of Mr. GODLONTON, and the non-addition of Mr. GODLONTON’s name to the List of Subscribers for the relief of HARDEN.

I reply by a copy of Mr. GODLONTON’s own statement of the transaction:-

 

(Copy of letter to H. RIVERS, Esq.)

Graham’s Town, 21st December 1924.

Sir,

In reply to your inquiries as to the correctness of a statement signed D. CAMPBELL, and purporting to have been made by Mrs. HARDEN, I have the honor to state that many particulars therein are erroneous.

Mrs. HARDEN, according to the statement furnished by D. CAMPBELL, is made to say, that she got a person to write to you for assistance, but getting no reply, she requested Mrs. WAKEFORD to ask me about it, and that I informed her I had spoken once or twice to you on the subject, but had received no answer:- with reference to which, I beg to state, that Mrs. HARDEN never informed me that you had been written to on the subject; that the communication received by me was not a verbal one, but a letter signed by W. HARDEN, and written, as I have been lately informed, by Thomas ROWLES, and which I immediately upon receipt thereof, handed to you, as stated in my letter in the printed Correspondence; and when I waited on the Rev. W. GEARY, which I did that moment by your order, I handed him the same document, and I have no doubt but that Gentleman, and Mrs. GEARY, who was likewise present, will, from recollection of the circumstance, be able to corroborate this fact.  It is rather curious that Mrs. HARDEN should state that I had once or twice spoken to you on the subject without making any allusion to the way in which I had received the information of her distressed situation.  I have recently made inquiries among the persons who were neighbours of Mrs. HARDEN during her Husband’s illness, and have been positively assured, that Mrs. HARDEN and her Family were never in want during that period; and I may be allowed to state, that at the period of my visit, upon Mrs. HARDEN stating to me some little backwardness on the part of one or two individuals to grant them assistance, I immediately waited upon Mr. WAKEFORD, the acting Head of the Party, and the most opulent person in the immediate neighbourhood, and requested he would furnish them from time to time with any necessary they might be in want of, upon my personal guarantee; and likewise afforded Mrs. HARDEN some pecuniary assistance, for the purpose of purchasing eggs, which she stated they were in want of.  I am induced to mention this, having just seen a printed Statement of Dr. PHILIP, wherein he states, with reference to a certain Subscription, that it is curious my name does not appear to that List, and he therefore evidently wishes it to be inferred, that I did not contribute.  But I would ask Dr. PHILIP, whether it is always necessary to publish an act of that sort; and whether he is aware that I did afford pecuniary assistance as far as my limited means would allow; and that HARDEN died under the shelter of my roof, and was interred in my garden.

I have the honor to be, Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

(Signed) R. GODLONTON.”

 

This letter, and that of Mr. BAILIE, (Enclosure 1, in the Authentic Correspondence,) refute the statement of Mrs. HARDEN, and prove that immediate attention was shewn by me to HARDEN’s application, and assistance afforded.

With respect to the milch cow, my order for its purchase is plainly avowed in Mr. BAILIE’s letter and if  Mr. BAILIE did not make the purchase, I conclude he can give satisfactory reasons for not having done so.

As to the twenty-five Rix dollars, it certainly appears by Mr. BAILIE’s receipt to the Landdrost to have been only twenty-two; but it should be kept in mind that neither these twenty-two Rix-dollars, given under my order by Mr. BAILIE to Mrs. HARDEN, or the twenty Rix-dollars paid to LLOYD, are charged in the account, but compose a sum due to me, in addition to what will hereafter appear to have been advanced by me.

 

(Copy)

Graham’s Town, 11th Sept. 1824.

“Received of Harry RIVERS, Esq. Landdrost of Albany, the Sum of Rds. 42, for the use of the Widow and Family of W. HARDEN deceased, and Henry LLOYD and Family.

Rds. 22 for the Widow HARDEN

Rds. 20 Henry LLOYD

(Signed) John BAILIE.”

 

The fifty Rix-dollars, believed by me to have been paid to Mrs HARDEN by Mr. BOWKER, and consequently so stated, is a confusion of the Funds, as I had been informed, on authority on which I could rely, that such a sum had passed through the hands of Mr. BOWKER, and been received by Mrs. HARDEN, and being ignorant that Mr. BOWKER had the distribution of any other Fund than that received through the hands of Government, I was fully impressed with the conviction that it was from that Fund he supplied the fifty Rix-dollars.

The knowledge of Mrs. HARDEN having received relief, will also account for my not reply to Mr. BOWKER’s letter.

 

With regard to the Extract of a Letter from Capt. CAMPBELL, relating to the following five items :

To cash paid Mrs. ARMSTRONG            Rds 5

Ditto. Mr BOWKER for Mrs. HARDEN     Rds.50

Ditto  Do. For Distressed Settlers in his neighbourhood  Rds.100

Ditto. To T.P. ADAMS                            Rds.50

Ditto. To J. WALKER                             Rds.50

 

To the denial of Mrs. ARMSTRONG, I oppose the Certificate of Mr. ONKRUYDT, (District Clerk of Albany,) who declares to have himself given to her five Rix-dollars from the Fund, in order to purchase Rice:-

(Copy)

“I hereby certify, that I have a perfect recollection, that Mrs. ARMSTRONG called at my Office, being desired thereto by Mrs. RIVERS, when she stated the distressed state in which she and her family were laboring under, and when I gave her five Rixdollars, from the Subscription Fund, to buy Rice with.

(Signed) M.J. ONKRUYDT

Graham’s Town, 21 December, 1823.”

 

I have before admitted the error in the second item, arising from my confounding the two Societies, which the circumstance, unknown to me, of Mr. BOWKER being employed in the distribution of the Funds of both Societies had occasioned, and it has been proved that Mrs. HARDEN had been generally relieved, and that she received fifty Rixdollars, though not, as I had supposed, from the Fund in Albany.

From the same cause also, I erroneously considered the sum of about 100 Rds. as having been disposed of in small donations by Mr. BOWKER, and to be placed to the Albany account, but it has not been distributed, and Mr. DYASON has a balance which he acknowledges of 150 Rds. in his hands, arising out of the 500 Rds. the only sum received by me, and which I placed in Mr. DYASON’s hands, as Secretary to the Committee at Graham’s Town.  This balance corresponds with the two sums considered by me to have been distributed, and is to be account for by Mr. DYASON.

The underwritten letter will prove, that fifty Rix-dollars have been paid to T.P. ADAMS, and to J. WALKER, which sums, so advised by me in December 1823, were carried to the account of the Fund by the Authorities in Cape Town.

 

(Copy)

Graham’s Town, 2d December, 1823.

Sir,

I have the honor to acquaint you, for the information of His Excellency the Governor, that in consequence of the heavy losses experienced by the undermentioned persons during the late rains, I have afforded them pecuniary assistance, to enable them to repair their damages, &c.  Messrs. COLLIS and PAWLE have entered into Notarial Bonds for the repayment, with interest, of the sums advanced to them.

I have drawn on the District Agents for the following amount, and have the honor to request, that His Excellency will order a Warrant to be passed for the sum of Rds. 1,050, to enable him to meet these Drafts.

J. COLLIS                     Rds.600

T. PAWLE                            200

T.P. ADAMS                         50

J. WALKER                           50

B. BURNETT                        150

 

I have the honor to be,

Sir, Your obedient Servant,

(Signed)  Harry RIVERS.”

 

Lieut.-Col. BIRD, &c. &c. &c.

 

 

The three last sums were placed to the Subscription Fund by the order of Government.

The sum of 200 Rds. was shortly afterwards lent by the Government to T.P. ADAMS, for which he passed a Notarial Bond, and I hold ADAMS’ receipt for two hundred and fifty Rix-dollars paid to him by me in December 1823.

To George CLAYTON, by his own acknowledgement, was delivered, Half a Muid of Wheat, at the rate of eleven Rix-dollars per muid.

 

Referring to the account, (of the Authentic Correspondence) there appear Disbursements paid by, or due from, me, to the amount of Rix-dollars 829:2.  From this amount I deduct the sum of Rds. 250, carried to the account in Cape Town, which leaves a remainder of Rix-dollars 579:2. as the sum disbursed in Albany.  I received from the Fund Rix-dollars 500, which I deposited with Mr. DYASON, as Secretary, who has Rix-dollars 150 in hand unappropriated, sufficient to discharge what were computed to have been the disbursements of Mr. BOWKER; and, consequently, with the uncharged 22 Rix-dollars paid to Mr. BAILIE, for Mrs. HARDEN, and the 20 Rix-dollars for LLOYD, there is a balance of 121 Rds. 2 Sks. Still due to me, instead of there being a surplus of 255 Rds. in my hand.

The result of the whole account, therefore, is, that the over-payment made by me of 121 Rds. 2 Sks. And the over-expenditure in the officially printed Account, signed by the Acting Colonial Secretary, of 130 Rds. 1 Sk., making a total of 251 Rds. 3 Sks., surpass the non-distributed amount of 150 Rds. in the hands of Mr. DYASON, leaving an excess of 101 Rds. 3 Sks. Still due on account of the Disbursements made from the Subscriptions for the Distressed Settlers in Albany.

Trusting that the Statement which I have now the honor to submit, will be satisfactory to His Excellency the Governor, I have the honor to be,

Sir, Your very obedient Servant

Harry RIVERS

.